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Manner of Botulism-Causing Toxin Entering Bloodstream Discovered

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The mechanism by which bacterial toxins that cause food-borne botulism are absorbed through the intestinal lining and into the bloodstream has been discovered by UC Irvine School of Medicine. Their study, which appears in the June 20 issue of emScience/em, points to new approaches to blocking this poisonous substance. Botulism is a rare and often fatal paralytic illness due to a neurotoxin produced by emClostridium botulinum/em bacteria, which can appear ...

Bald Man Regrows Hair After Administration of Arthritis Drug

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A 25-year-old man has regrown scalp and facial hair after administration of a rheumatoid arthritis drug by Yale scientists. The name of the drug is tofacitinib citrate. The man suffered from near total head and body hair loss due to a disease condition called alopecia universalis. Alopecia universalis or alopecia areata universalis is a medical condition that causes rapid loss of hair all over the body, including eyebrows and eyelashes. ...

Moral Stories With Positive Outcomes Motivate Kids To Speak The Truth

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Moral tales that praise a character's honesty inspire a child to speak the truth more than classic children's tales that just explain the negative consequences of telling lies, a recent research shows. The research findings indicate stories such as "The Boy Who Cried Wolf" and "Pinocchio" fail to produce the desired result of instilling honesty in children. "As parents of young children, we wanted to know how effective the stories actually ...

Employers Strategize to Moderate Employee Health Insurance Costs

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Employers resort to the most popular method of health insurance for employees by shifting part of the cost for health insurance to the employee. Many of them are resorting to new health tactics to lessen the cost and take care of the health of the population in general. According to Aon Hewitt's soon-to-be-published Health Care Survey of more than 1,230 employers covering more than 10 million employees, 52% of employers said their current health strategy is focused on traditional ...

Facts on Brain Tumor

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A brain tumor is a collection of damaged cells that multiply without control within the brain. Read Medindia's facts on brain tumor.

Chest Pain Drug Withdrawn by Dr. Reddy's Laboratories From US Market

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Dr Reddy's Laboratories Ltd has volunteered to withdraw 13,560 bottles of metoprolol succinate extended release tablets from the United States following the failure of dissolution tests, said the US Food and Drug Administration. The USFDA website said, "Failed dissolution specifications: failure of dissolution test observed at 18-month time point," as the reason for recall. The drug is used to prevent chest pain, medically known as angina, and ...

Pancreatic Cancer Resistance Mechanism Discovered

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The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center scientists have identified the pancreatic cancer resistance mechanism. Pancreatic cancer addicted to mutant Kras signaling for their growth and progression have a ready-made substitute to tap if they're ever forced to go cold-turkey on the mutant oncogene. When researchers dialed up mutant Kras to spur pancreatic cancer growth in mice, and then shut it down, a group of recurrent tumors grew back independently ...

Discovery on Neuro Disease Could Aid People With Dystonia, Parkinson's and More

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Twist and hold your neck to the left, now down and over to the right, until it hurts. Now imagine your neck - or arms or legs - doing that randomly on their own, without you controlling it. That's a taste of what children and adults with a neurological condition called dystonia live with every day - uncontrollable twisting and stiffening of neck and limb muscles. The mystery of why this happens, and what can prevent or treat it, has long puzzled doctors, ...

Thieving Chimpanzees Changing the Way Farmers Feed Their Families in Africa

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In Africa, light-fingered chimpanzees are changing the way subsistence farmers make a living by causing them to grow different crops and spend more time guarding their goods. This is according to work performed by researchers from Trinity College Dublin's School of Geography, who say that communities near the edge of tropical forests are experiencing a lack of 'dietary diversity' and an increased exposure to disease-carrying insects as a result. Through ...

The Saga Of Suicide Among Mental Health Patients

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Among mental health patients treated at home by crisis resolution home treatment teams (CRHT)*, the number of deaths by suicide has more than doubled in England, rising from an average of 80 in 2003-2004 to 163 in 2010-2011. This is according to new research published in emThe Lancet Psychiatry/em. In contrast, suicides on psychiatric wards fell by more than half, from 163 in 2003-2004 to 76 in 2010-2011. The research also reveals that despite an ...

A Promising Source of Replacement Neurons in Parkinson's Disease

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Parkinson's disease results from neuron loss, which affects millions worldwide. Transplantation of fetal tissue to restore this loss has shown promise, but ethical concerns over acquiring this tissue limit its use. In a June 17 study in the iJournal of Clinical Investigation/i, Vania Broccoli and others at the San Raffaele Scientific Institute converted fibroblasts into neurons and engrafted them into the brains of rodents with parkinsonism. The ...

Transfusion After Trauma can Harm or Benefit Patients Based on Their Risk of Death

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The benefits and risks of red blood cell transfusions for patients with trauma and major bleeding might vary considerably based on a patient's predicted risk of death on arrival at a trauma centre. This is according to new research published in this week's iPLOS Medicine/i. The study by Pablo Perel, from the London School of Hygiene (and) Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom, and colleagues, suggests that trauma patients who have the highest predicted risk of death ...

Stress Hormone Linked to Short-Term Memory Loss in Older Adults: Study

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At the University of Iowa, a new study reports a potential link between stress hormones and short-term memory loss in older adults. The study, published in the iJournal of Neuroscience/i, reveals that having high levels of cortisol-a natural hormone in our body whose levels surge when we are stressed-can lead to memory lapses as we age. Short-term increases in cortisol are critical for survival. They promote coping and help us respond to life's ...

Heart Attack Patients With Kidney Problems may Not Receive Life-Saving Care

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A new study led by King's College London suggests that heart attack patients with kidney problems may not be getting the full treatment they need. The study found that patients admitted to hospital with chest pains and poorly functioning kidneys are less likely to be given an angiogram and early invasive treatment, which might increase their chance of surviving a heart attack. People admitted to hospital with a suspected heart attack are normally offered ...

Self-Reported Health of Young Adults Has Improved

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A large survey indicates that since 2010, when young adults could be covered under their parents' health insurance plans until age 26, self-reported health among this group has improved, along with a decrease in out-of-pocket health care expenditures. This is according to a study in the June 18 issue of iJAMA/i.br / br /Beginning September 23, 2010, the Affordable Care Act allowed young adults to be covered under their parents' plans until 26 years of age. ...

A Picasso Inside 'Blue Room'

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A painting of an unknown bearded man has been discovered in Pablo Picasso's "Blue Room", suggest a US museum attempting to put an end to an age-old question. The 1901 work, from the legendary Spanish painter's Blue Period, depicts a woman bathing in her bedroom. But experts have suspected since the 1950s another painting was hidden on the canvas, said Sue Frank, assistant curator for the Phillips Collection in Washington, which owns the painting. In ...

Gene Mutations Could Protect Against Heart Disease

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The risk of heart disease could be cut by 40 percent with a rare set of genetic mutations found in fewer than one percent of the population, researchers said Wednesday. The findings in the New England Journal of Medicine show how certain flaws in a gene called APOC3 work to reduce a certain type of fat found in blood, known as triglycerides. About one in 150 people carry one of these four genetic mutations, said the findings based on a study of the DNA ...

TNF Inhibitors for Treatment of Bowel Disease Not Associated With Cancer Risk

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In a study of 56,000 patients with inflammatory bowel disease, use of a popular class of medications known as tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonists was not associated with an increased risk of cancer over a median follow-up of 3.7 years. Although an increased risk of malignancy in the long term, or with increasing number of doses, cannot be excluded, according to a study in the June 18 issue of iJAMA/i. Tumor necrosis factor I (TNF-I) antagonists ...

Ebola Death Toll Hits 337 in West Africa

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The three-nation Ebola outbreak in West Africa has seen a death toll of 337, the World Health Organization said Wednesday, making it the deadliest ever outbreak of the haemorrhagic fever. Fresh data from the UN health agency showed that the number of deaths in Guinea, the hardest-hit country, has reached 264, while 49 had died in Sierra Leone and 24 in Liberia. The new toll marks a more than 60-percent hike since the WHO's last figure on June 4, when ...

Study Compares Survival for Treatments of Advanced Uveal Melanoma

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In patients with advanced uveal melanoma, treatment with the agent selumetinib, compared with chemotherapy, resulted in an improved cancer progression-free survival time and tumor response rate, but no improvement in overall survival. This is according to a study in the June 18 issue of iJAMA/i. The modest improvement in clinical outcomes was accompanied by a high rate of adverse events. Uveal melanoma arises from melanocytes within the choroid ...

Resistance Shown by Parents Of Autistic Child for Having More Kids

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Parents of an autistic child seem about one-third less likely than other parents to have children in future, found a new study Wednesday. The research in JAMA Psychiatry, a journal of the American Medical Association, was described as the first to assess the influence of having a child with autism on the decision to have future offspring. Autism is typically diagnosed around the second or third year of life, and is estimated to affect as many as one ...

Clot-Busting Drugs Reduce Deaths from Pulmonary Embolism by Nearly Half

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A pulmonary embolism is a blockage of one or more arteries in the lungs, primarily because of blood clots that travel there from the legs. Bringing clarity to a decades-long debate, a national team of researchers has found that adding clot-busting medications known as thrombolytics to conventional approaches when treating sudden-onset pulmonary embolism patients is associated with 47 percent fewer deaths than using standard intravenous or under-the-skin anticoagulant ...

Physician Involvement in Concealed-Weapon Permit Process, a Concern of Doctors: Survey

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Many doctors are concerned about the increasing number of requests they are receiving to assess their patients' competency to carry concealed weapons, reveals a new survey of North Carolina. In particular, a majority of physicians who responded to the survey said they were worried about the potential ethical consequences in the doctor-patient relationship if they participated in the concealed-weapon permit process. "This is not a small problem," said ...

3D Digital Breast Imaging Could Revolutionize Cancer Screening

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In community-based radiology practice, mammography screening with 3D digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) yielded an increased overall cancer detection rate, lower recall rates and an increased detection rate for invasive cancer compared with 2D digital mammography (DM). In the largest report to date, researchers at Washington Radiology Associates, PC, with offices in Washington, DC; Virginia; and Maryland, conducted a study of more than 59,000 patients. The results ...

Proper Development of Airways Controlled by Genomic "Dark Matter" of Embryonic Lungs

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Only about two percent of a person's genome is eventually converted into proteins, given the long way from DNA to RNA to protein. In contrast, a much higher percentage of the genome is transcribed into RNA. What these non-protein-coding RNAs do is still relatively unknown. However, given their vast numbers in the human genome, researchers believe that they likely play important roles in normal human development and response to disease. Large-scale sequencing has ...

Bipolar Disorder Affects Brains of Children and Adults Differently: Study

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Bipolar children have greater activation in the right amygdala, a brain region responsible for emotional reaction, than bipolar adults when viewing emotional faces, finds a new study from Bradley Hospital. The study, now published online in iJAMA Psychiatry/i, suggests that bipolar children might benefit from treatments that target emotional face identification, such as computer based "brain games" or group and individual therapy. This study is the first ever ...

Bird Victims of Cuckoo Evolve Signatures on Their Eggs

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Common cuckoo lays eggs in other birds' nests and for these birds, recognizing one's own eggs can be a matter of life or death. In a new study, researchers from Harvard University and the University of Cambridge show that many birds parasitized by the Common Cuckoo have evolved distinctive pattern signatures on their eggs in order to distinguish them from those laid by a cuckoo cheat. The study reveals that these signatures provide a powerful defense against cuckoo trickery, ...

Racial Differences in Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Women With Breast Cancer

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The rates of increase in black women using sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) to stage early breast cancer is slower than white women, during 2002 to 2007, a disparity that contributed to disparities in the risk for lymphedema (arm swelling common after breast cancer treatment because of damage to the lymphatic system). SLNB was developed to replace axillary (arm pit) lymph node dissection (ALND) for staging early breast cancer to minimize complications. SLNB can ...

Everyday Products Containing Disease-Causing Chemicals Cost EU Billions

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Everyday products from sunscreen to store receipts containing disease-causing chemicals cost EU countries more than 30 billion euros in health costs, reveals a study on Wednesday. A report by the Health and Environment Alliance, a leading activist group on EU health matters suggests that hormone-disrupting chemicals are causing spiraling rates of disease and putting a dangerous strain on healthcare policies across the 28-country bloc. "Exposure to food ...

US E-cigarette Face a Rip-Off for Aggressively Marketing the Product

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Electronic cigarette makers are facing a rip-off by US senators for their aggressive marketing campaigns that lure youths. E-cigarettes, a tar-free alternative that release nicotine in a vapor instead of smoke and contain fewer toxins, are booming in the United States, with a market estimated at (Dollar) 1 billion last year. Lawmakers and health professionals, however, have expressed growing concern that the gadget's use and often unrestricted promotion could ...

Report Finds Children's Study Needs Refinement

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A study that would track the health of 100,000 babies until the age of 21 has been put on hold after the release on an assessment report by the National Research Council IOM. While the congressionally mandated report endorses several aspects of the proposed study design of the National Children's Study (NCS), the authors - including Sara McLanahan, the William S. Tod Professor of Sociology and Public Affairs at Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson School of International ...

Federal Funding Cliff may Cause Health Safety Net Clinics to Shrink

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The special federal fund which was attempted to support community health centers is to expire after September 2015, which is creating a funding cliff for primary care clinics. If this funding is not restored, and if more states do not expand Medicaid, the number of patients cared for by safety-net health centers could fall more than 25 percent - or 7 million patients - by 2020. The loss of care for 7 million patients is equivalent to the population of the state of Arizona or ...

Italy Appeals to the Sponsors to Restore Nero's Golden House

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Claiming that 31 million euros ( (Dollar) 42 million) was needed to repair the majestic complex, Italy has appealed to the sponsors to help restore Emperor Nero's Golden House in the heart of Rome. "This fantastic place, one of the symbols of ancient Rome, could become one of the biggest site attractions in the world," Culture Minister Dario Franceschini told journalists as he showed them around the 16,000 square meter underground complex. Archaeologists in charge ...

New Helmet That can Detect Hemorrhagic Stroke Developed

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A group of Swedish researchers has developed a helmet that can quickly detect whether a patient is suffering from a hemorrhagic stroke. The helmet, called Strokefinder, has been jointly developed by researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital who said that it can be fitted into ambulances and could help the paramedics determine the nature of the stroke on the way to the hospital, thereby saving precious ...

Global Health, Counterterrorism and Ethics

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Little attention is being paid to the ethical issues that surround global health impact of counterterrorism as the surge in murders of polio vaccination workers in Pakistan are making headlines. An essay in the Hastings Center Report reviews the range of harms to population health traceable to counterterrorism operations. It also identifies concerns involving moral agency and responsibility - specifically of humanitarian health workers, military medical personnel, ...

Flags, Flowers, Fridge Magnets in the Name of Spain's New King

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Giftshops are being filled with Plates, key rings and fridge magnets with the smiling faces of Spain's king-to-be Felipe VI and his queen Letizia ahead of their enthronement. Souvenir stores are stacked with mugs and T-shirts that are already proclaiming them the "King and Queen of Spain", even though they have not been crowned yet. White flowers line the broad avenues leading across Madrid to the old Royal Palace, where the couple will wave from the ...

Life for People With Muscle Disorders Improved With Group Doctor Visits

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Group doctor visits found to be more beneficial to people with muscle diseases such as muscular dystrophies than individual appointments, suggests a new study. The study is published in the June 18, 2014, online issue of iNeurology/iA (Regd) , the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. "In this age when the demand for neurologists is rising faster than the supply and health care costs continue to rise, it''s important to look for finding solutions that ...

Use of Nanoparticles in Food and Personal Care Products can Cause Health and Environmental Problems

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The widespread use of nanoparticles in dietary supplements and personal care products could not only affect our digestive system but could also lead to the release of harmful substances in the environment, a new report reveals. Robert Reed and colleagues note that food and drink manufacturers use nanoparticles in and on their products for many reasons. In packaging, they can provide strength, control how much air gets in and out, and keep unwanted microbes at bay. ...

Austrian Woman's Nude "Sun Bathing" Leads to Traffic Jam

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An Austrian woman managed to literally stop the traffic after her decision to sun bathe in the nude in front of her window led to major traffic jam in Vienna. According to the Mirror, drivers just couldn't look away from the stretched out naked woman sunbathing out of her third floor window, and ended up crashing into each other. A spectator named Gregory Shakaki who clicked a picture of the woman, said that he thought he felt like he was having a "sunstroke", ...

Government Controlled Internet Not an Option: ICANN Head

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Chinese and Russian attempts to ensure that governments control the internet will turn out to be 'dead on arrival', the head of the website address regulator said. Fadi Chehade, chief executive of the US-linked Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), said Washington is committed to hand over the reins only to a diverse group representing business, civil society, academia and governments. The US Department of Commerce has said it ...

Demand for Diabetes, Thyroid Care Outgrows Number of Endocrinologists

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A new analysis has revealed that as more people are diagnosed with diabetes, there is a growing shortage of endocrinologists that could force patients to wait longer to see a doctor. Endocrinologists are specially trained physicians who diagnose diseases related to the glands. They specialize in treating diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, thyroid disorders, adrenal diseases, and a variety of other conditions related to hormones. The analysis found the ...

New Approach to Funding Alzheimer's Research Could Pay Off

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No drugs for Alzheimer's disease, which is a mental condition that erodes memory and other capabilities have been approved by the FDA despite over 5 million Americans affected. Now a paper by an MIT professor suggests that a revamped way of financing Alzheimer's research could spur the development of useful new drugs for the illness. "We are spending tremendous amounts of resources dealing with this disease, but we don't have any effective therapies for it," says ...

Therapeutic Potential of SLC13 Transporters Unlocked

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The first functional analysis of a member of transporter protein family has been provided by researchers, which can be implicated in diabetes, obesity, and lifespan . The study appears in the June issue of The Journal of General Physiology. Members of the SLC13 transporter family play a key role in the regulation of fat storage, insulin resistance, and other processes. Some SLC13 transporters mediate the transport of Krebs cycle intermediates-compounds essential ...

Young Adults Who Watch too Much Violence on TV Have Poor Executive Function in Brains

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Regularly watching television shows that glorify violence has been linked with less mature brain development and poorer executive functioning among young adult males, a new study conducted by researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine reveals. The researchers used psychological testing and MRI scans to measure mental abilities and volume of brain regions in 65 healthy males with normal IQ between the age of 18 and 29, specifically chosen because they were ...

Inflammation of Fat Tissues may Help Prevent Metabolic Disease

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Chronic inflammation of tissues is thought to cause obesity and metabolic disease, but a new research has found how 'healthy' inflammation could actually prevent metabolic disease. "There is such a thing as 'healthy' inflammation, meaning inflammation that allows the tissue to grow and has overall benefits to the tissue itself and the whole body," said Dr. Philipp Scherer, Director of the Touchstone Center for Diabetes Research and Professor of Internal Medicine ...

Fake Sick Notes a Booming Business in Football-Mad China

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The ongoing FIFA World Cup has seen the rise of a new business in China as people are selling fake sick notes in order help football fans deal with a 11-hour time difference between Brazil and China and provide them with a ready-made excuse to stay up all night. A search by AFP for "Beijing" and "sick notes service" returned 49,500 results on Chinese search engine Baidu on Thursday, with vendors providing photocopies of hospital certificates with official stamps ...

Fish-Eating Spiders Found All Over the World

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Zoologists reveal that rather than being limited to eating insects, spiders that prey on fish are found all over the world. Researchers have become increasingly aware that spiders are not exclusively insectivorous and certain larger-sized species supplement their diet by occasionally catching small fish. Martin Nyffeler from the University of Basel, Switzerland and Bradley Pusey from the University of Western Australia gathered and documented numerous ...

Amid Caribbean Outbreak, Chikungunya Virus Reported in Cuba

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Six cases of mosquito-borne chikungunya virus on Wednesday confirmed by Cuban health authorities, the latest in a spate of Caribbean countries reporting the fever-causing disease in their backyard. The health ministry said that most of the cases were linked to individuals who had traveled recently, likely to Haiti or the Dominican Republic. In its statement, in state-run newspaper Granma, the ministry added that the patients were "progressing well." ...

Study Finds Less Structured Activities Helps Children Achieve Their Goals Quicker

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Children who take part in less structured activities, such as playing outside or visiting a zoo, are more likely to determine and achieve their goals without any help or prodding from adults, a new study reveals. The study also found that children who participate in more structured activities-including soccer practice, piano lessons and homework-had poorer "self-directed executive function," a measure of the ability to set and reach goals independently. University ...

Israeli Researchers Develop Breathalyzer Test That can Sniff Out Cancer

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A group of Israeli researchers revealed that they have developed a new breathalyzer test that can be used in detecting cancer. The device developed by Prof. Nir Peled of Tel Aviv University's Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Prof. Hossam Haick (inventor) of the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, and Prof. Fred Hirsch of the University of Colorado School of Medicine in Denver, is embedded with a "NaNose" nanotech chip to literally "sniff out" cancer tumors. The ...

Mechanism That Could Help Old Muscle Grow Identified

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A muscle-building mechanism that could be important in addressing sarcopenia - the significant loss of muscle mass and function that can occur as we age has been discovered by scientists. When people strength train the body responds by making muscle. The researchers recruited 16 healthy but sedentary men to perform a single bout of resistance exercise to trigger muscle growth and examined tissue samples taken before and six hours after the exercise. Half ...

North Carolina Doctors Worried About Ethical Consequences Over Involvement in Their Patients' Concealed Weapon Permit Process

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A growing number of doctors in North Carolina are being asked to assess their patients' competency to carry concealed weapons, a new survey reveals. In particular, a majority of physicians who responded to the survey said they were worried about the potential ethical consequences in the doctor-patient relationship if they participated in the concealed-weapon permit process. "This is not a small problem," said Dr. Adam Goldstein, corresponding author ...

How the Brain Wakes Up from Unconsciousness

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Researchers led by Dr Andrew Hudson from the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA have shed more light on how the brain manages to return back from unconsciousness to consciousness, a new study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals. Previous research has shown that the anesthetized brain is not "silent" under surgical levels of anesthesia but experiences certain patterns of activity, and it spontaneously changes its activity patterns ...

Researchers Claim to Have Found a Way to Break Through Antibiotic-Resistant Superbugs

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The growing number of new 'superbugs' that are resistant to antibiotics may soon come to a halt after researchers revealed that they may have found a way to break through armor of the bacteria cells. A resilient class of germs called Gram-negative bacteria have an impermeable lipid-based outer membrane that defends the cell against the human immune system as well as antibiotics. Removing the barrier would cause the bacteria to become vulnerable and ...

Gene That Played Key Role in Development of Hooves in Cattle Identified

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Researchers at University of Basel have discovered a gene regulatory switch that played a key role in the evolutionary adaption of limbs among ungulates, such as cattle and pigs, which led to the transformation of the number of toes into paired hooves, a new study published in the journal Nature reveals. The fossil record shows that the first primitive even-toed ungulates had legs with five toes (=digits), just like modern mice and humans. During their evolution, ...

Welsh Fitness Instructor's Breast Implant Surgery Fails as Fake Boob Explodes

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A 51-year old fitness instructor in Wales, whose breast implant surgery resulted in doctors mistakenly fit her with DD breast instead of 32B, had her fake breast explode. Kim Brockhurst paid over 4,000 to increase her breast size from 32AA to 32B as she wanted a bit more 'bounce' but found after the surgery that she was fitted with DD implants. While she managed to deal with her huge chest, she found out that her breasts quickly became lumpy and misshapen and was ...

Human Ancestors Might Have Caught Herpes Virus from Chimpanzees

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Researchers at University of California, San Diego, suggest that the ancestors of modern humans may have caught herpes virus from chimpanzees before going their separate ways on the evolution path. According to the study, the ancestors of modern humans were infected by the Herpes Simplex Virus-1 from chimpanzees more than 6 million years ago, before the evolutionary split, while Herpes Simplex Virus-2, which causes genital warts, jumped from chimpanzees to Homo erectus ...