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Monkey Calls Describe Both, the Nature of a Threat and Its Degree of Danger

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The same species of monkeys located in separate geographic regions use their alarm calls differently to warn each other of approaching predators, according to researchers at New York University. Scientists found that Campbell's monkeys have a distinction between roots and suffixes, and that their combination allowed the monkeys to describe both the nature of a threat and its degree of danger. The research team comprising of linguists and primatologists analyzed alarm ...

Climate Policy Pledges Fall Short of 2 Degrees Celsius Target

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A new research has revealed that the currently proposed climate policy pledges are an important step forward but have fallen short of 2 degrees Celsius, with 1-1.5 degree Celsius less total warming. The study that was conducted by a team of six European research institutions used six different modeling tools. Researcher Massimo Tavoni said, "Under the proposed commitments, cumulative CO2 emissions in China would be reduced by half and yet, together with those of the ...

Astronomers may Now be Able to Detect Exoplanets

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Astronomers may now be able to detect exoplanets that are stretched out by the gravity of the stars they orbit. This discovery could give the scientists a new insight into the properties of Earth-like planets as a whole. The team led by Prabal Saxena of George Mason University, modeled cases where the planets are in orbit close to small red dwarf stars, much fainter than the Sun, but by far the most common type of star in the galaxy. The planets' rotation was similar ...

New Findings from Mind-Controlled Robot Arm Project

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A woman with quadriplegia shaped the almost human hand of a robot arm with just her thoughts to pick up big and small boxes, a ball, an oddly shaped rock and fat and skinny tubes. This was yet another demonstration that brain-computer interface technology has the potential to improve the function and quality of life of those unable to use their arms. The findings by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, published online today in the iJournal ...

Sauternes Producers Fear That the Proposed High-speed Train Could Sour Their Sweet Wine

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Producers of Sauternes, France's world-famous sweet wine fear that the proposed high-speed train line that will run through the Ciron valley could affect the fragile micro-climate on which the wine depends, making it sour. The wines owe their sweetness to a morning mist generated by the cool waters of the local River Ciron, around 13 degrees C (55 degrees F), which encourages a special type of mould known as 'noble rot' or botrytis cinerea that attacks the grapes before ...

Investigational Contraceptive Ring Proven Acceptable in Clinical Trial

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An investigational one-year contraceptive vaginal ring containing Nestorone (Regd) and ethinyl estradiol was found to be highly acceptable among women enrolled in a Phase 3 clinical trial. The Population Council published new research in the November issue of the journal iContraception/i demonstrating this. Because the perspectives of women are critical for defining acceptability, researchers developed a theoretical model based on women's actual experiences with this ...

Ways to Improve your Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

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Intelligence quotient (IQ) is a psychological measure of human intelligence. Regular physical and mental exercise, social networking are ways to increase IQ.

Mass HIV/AIDS Infection Reported in Cambodia Village

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More than 80 people, including children and elderly, were tested positive for HIV/AIDS in a single remote village, said Cambodian health authorities on Tuesday. They could have been infected by contaminated needles. Hundreds of panicked residents of the village in Battambang province in the country's west have flocked to a health centre for testing since news of the mass infection emerged last week, with a total of 82 having been confirmed as being infected. "Of ...

Insulin Resistance and CV Risk Not Improved by Low Glycemic Index Carbohydrate Diet

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Persons with diets with low glycemic index of dietary carbohydrate did not show improvements in insulin sensitivity, lipid levels or systolic blood pressure, as revealed in a study that included overweight and obese participants. The study is published in the December 17 issue of iJAMA/i. Foods that have similar carbohydrate content can differ in the amount they raise blood glucose, a property called the glycemic index. Even though some nutrition policies advocate ...

Cancer Patients' Quality of Life can be Lowered by 'Financial Toxicity'

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Financial stress from accumulating medical bills can weigh on patients' health apart from the physical side effects of the therapies that doctors so carefully prescribe. This also happens with those who have finished their treatments and are cancer-free. The finding, published Dec. 16, 2014, in the iJournal of Oncology Practice/i, advances ongoing research at Duke Medicine that has explored the issue of "financial toxicity" from cancer care and whether costs ...

Bacteria - The Critical Shapers of Early Human Populations

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Commensal bacteria that cause problems later in life most likely played the key role in stabilizing early human populations, predict researchers using mathematical modeling. Researchers at New York and Vanderbilt universities have shown this and the finding is published in emmBio/em (Regd) , the online open-access journal of the American Society for Microbiology. It offers an explanation as to why humans co-evolved with microbes that can cause or contribute to cancer, inflammation, ...

Visible Light Reduces Waste Produced in Chemically Activated Molecular Switches

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Dartmouth researchers used visible light to reduce waste produced in chemically activated molecular switches. This has opened the way for industrial applications of nanotechnology ranging from anti-cancer drug delivery to LCD displays and molecular motors. Chemically activated molecular switches are molecules that can shift controllably between two stable states and that can be reversibly switched to turn different functions. For example, light-activated switches can ...

UV Light Used for In-vivo Activation of Disguised Peptides

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Researchers from Georgia Institute of Technology used ultraviolet light onto the molecules through the skin of a living animal to sneak biomaterials containing peptide signaling molecules into living animals. The disguised peptides are needed to launch biological processes that allowed cells and other molecules to recognize and interact with the peptides on the surface of the material. This light-activated triggering technique has been demonstrated in animals, and if it is ...

Suicide Risk Greater in Transgender Veterans

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Serious suicidal thoughts and plans to attempt suicide are more likely in veterans of the U.S. armed forces who have received a diagnosis consistent with transgender status. A new study shows that this group has a higher risk of suicide death than the general population of veterans, as described in an article in iLGBT Health/i, a peer-reviewed journal from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers. The article is available free on the iLGBT Health/i website until January 16, ...

Farmed Norwegian Salmon Safe to Eat

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Farmed Norwegian salmon, repeatedly criticized as most toxic food in the world by a French TV program, can be safely eaten even by pregnant women, according to a new report by Norway's Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM). VKM stressed on the importance of eating fish among young and pregnant women because it has been proven that mothers eating fish had a positive effect on the development on the nervous system of fetuses and breast-fed babies. The warning on eating salmon, ...

Polyps Assessed Accurately With High-Definition Scopes

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Experienced gastroenterologists may not be required to send polyps they remove from a patient's colon to a pathologist for examination, suggests a large study conducted by physician researchers at the Jacksonville campus of Mayo Clinic. Their 522-patient study, published in the December issue of iGastrointestinal Endoscopy/i, found that physicians correctly evaluated whether a polyp was precancerous or benign using high-definition optical lenses during a colonoscopy. ...

Zinc Sparks After Fertilization Could be Useful in Improving IVF

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A Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine led interdisciplinary research team has found that after fertilization mammalian egg releases from its surface billions of zinc atoms in 'zinc sparks,' one wave after another. Zinc fluctuations play a prime role in regulating the biochemical processes that ensure a healthy egg-to-embryo transition, and this new information should be useful in improving in vitro fertilization methods. The researchers developed four ...

Common Type of Pneumonia Prevented With Vitamin E in Older Mice

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The bacterial infection that commonly causes pneumonia was prevented in older mice with extra dose of vitamin E. Microbiologists and nutrition researchers from Tufts University report that the extra vitamin E helped regulate the mice's immune system. The findings, published online in advance of print in the iThe Journal of Immunology/i, show promise for studies investigating the effects of vitamin E and infection in humans. Older adults over age 65 are at high ...

Researchers Invent a Test to Uncover Toxicity of Antidepressant

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A sensitive toxicity test invented at the University of Utah could make it possible to detect toxicity problems early in pharmaceutical development so that fewer patients are given unsafe drugs. The researchers ran their test on Paxil, an antidepressant that thousands of pregnant women used in the years before it was linked to an increased risk of birth defects. The test called the organismal performance assay, or OPA, uses untamed house mice - rather than docile, inbred ...

Ancient 700 Year Old Virus Brought Back to Life from Icy Reindeer Poop!

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The discussion about global warming is usually around adverse climatic changes caused by the trapping of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide in the earth's atmosphere, which primarily affects biodiversity and contributes to serious health hazards. It is also seen that increase in heat, precipitation, and humidity could allow tropical and subtropical insects to move from regions where a href="http:www.medindia.net/health_statistics/general/newdiseases.asp" target="_blank" ...

Occasional Heroin Use Impacts HIV Disease Progression

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Occasional heroin use by HIV-positive patients may be harmful to the immune system and worsen HIV disease, compared to persistent or no heroin use, thus, suggesting that heroin withdrawal may be particularly harmful to the immune system, according to researchers at Yale and Boston University and their Russian collaborators. Intermittent heroin abuse in HIV- positive patients lead to lower CD4 cell counts, indicating a weakened immune system. A higher CD4 cell count ...

Non-gluten Immunogenic Proteins in Wheat Play a Role in Celiac Disease

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Immunologic reactivity in celiac disease may not be limited to wheat gluten, but can involve certain non-gluten proteins in wheat, according to researchers at Columbia University Medical Center. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder that is triggered by the ingestion of wheat and related cereals in genetically susceptible individuals. The immune response results in inflammation and tissue damage in the small intestine, which can lead to severe gastrointestinal symptoms, ...

Gut Microflora Influences the Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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Bacteria in the gut influence the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The study conducted by Frank Gonzalez and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute provides a link between molecular signaling pathways in the gut, the intestinal microbiome, and development of NAFLD. NAFLD is the most common liver disorder and affects approximately 1 billion people worldwide. Mice studies revealed that disruption of the gut microflora prevented development ...

Paleo Diet - how many versions were there

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The Paleolithic diet, or caveman diet, gives modern calorie-counters great freedom because those ancestral diets could have differed substantially over time and space, reveal researchers. The Paleolithic diet has been a weight-loss craze in which people emulate the diet of plants and animals eaten by early humans during the Stone Age. Researchers at Georgia State University and Kent State University have reported their findings which is published in iThe Quarterly ...

Targeting the Chemokine CXCR3 Reduces Alzheimer's Disease

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Chemokine CXCR3, protein that regulates inflammation and the immune response, can be used as a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease (AD), according to scientists from the University of Bonn. The study indicates that activation of the CXCL10 receptor, CXCR3, contributes to AD pathology. AD is the most common form of dementia and is characterized by the formation of amyloid plaques throughout the brain. In both patients with AD and mouse AD models, the ...

Condoms Must be Used by Men in Recovery from Ebola for at Least 3 Months

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Men who are recovering from Ebola must wait at least three months after recovery before having unprotected sex, prescribes the current guidelines. This is in spite of a clear lack of research on male survivors of Ebola as reported in a new article. This study was published today in iReproductive Sciences/i, a SAGE journal."Our exercise demonstrated that the current recommendations to prevent the sexual spread of Ebola are based on one mere observation," the ...

Delayed Cutting of the Umbilical Cord Better for Newborns' Development

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Delayed cutting of the umbilical cord by 2-minutes makes newborns develop better in the first days of their lives, according to University of Granada scientists. Late clamping of the umbilical cord increased the anti-oxidant capacity of mature newborns, and the moderation of inflammatory effects in the case of those born from induced labor. This research by the University of Granada and the San Cecilio Clinical Hospital (Granada) compares the impact of the moment of ...

Study Reveals Why People Choose Junk Over Healthy Food for Midnight Snacking

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A new study reveals why some people pick junk over healthy food when it comes to midnight snacking. According to the study by Caltech neuroeconomists, a person's ability to exercise self-control may depend upon just how quickly your brain factors healthfulness into a decision. Nicolette Sullivan, lead author of the study, said that in typical choices, individuals need to consider attributes like health and taste in their decisions and what the study ...

Kids Who Skip Their Meals Likelier to Face Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk

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Children between the ages of 6 to 8 years who skip their meals face increased obesity and cardiometabolic risk, claims a new Finnish study. Ms Aino-Maija Eloranta, MHSc, who presented the results at the University of Eastern Finland, said that a higher consumption of sugary drinks, red meat and low-fat margarine and a lower consumption of vegetable oil were also related to a higher cardiometabolic risk. The more of these factors are present, the higher the risk. ...